Porcelain insulators,also named ceramic Insulators are made from clay, quartz or alumina and feldspar, and are covered with a smooth glaze to shed water. Insulators made from porcelain rich in alumina are used where high mechanical strength is a criterion. Porcelain has a dielectric strength of about 4-10 kV/mm.It also has perfect dielectric performance.Porcelain insulators are widely used in overhead transmission lines to provide mechanical support and electrical protection, as well as in distribution lines and substations. Depending on voltage considerations, different kinds of insulators are used in power systems,we have Pin insulator,strain insulator,suspension insulator.post insulator,long rod insulator,horizontal post insulator,Railway insulator,shackle insulator,stay insulator.
Insulators are a special insulation control that can play an important role in overhead transmission lines. In the early years, insulators were mostly used for telegraph poles. Slowly, a lot of disk-shaped insulators were hung on one end of the high-voltage wire connection tower. It was used to increase the creepage distance. It was usually made of glass or ceramics and was called an insulator. Insulators should not fail due to various electromechanical stresses caused by changes in the environment and electrical load conditions, otherwise the insulators will not have a significant effect and will damage the use and operating life of the entire line.
The main function of insulators is to achieve electrical insulation and mechanical fixation, for which various electrical and mechanical performance requirements are specified. If under the specified operating voltage, lightning overvoltage and internal overvoltage, no breakdown or flashover along the surface; under the specified long-term and short-term mechanical load, no damage and damage; under the specified machine , After long-term operation under electrical load and various environmental conditions, no obvious deterioration will occur; the fittings of insulators will not produce obvious corona discharge under the operating voltage, so as not to interfere with radio or television reception. Because insulators are widely used devices, their connection fittings are also required to be interchangeable. In addition, the technical standards of insulators also require various electrical, mechanical, physical, and environmental conditions to test the performance and quality of the insulators according to different types and conditions of use.
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